What describes the human tendency to prioritize one's own beliefs and values over others?

The correct answer is egocentrism, which describes the human tendency to prioritize one's own beliefs and values over those of others. This concept emphasizes how individuals often view the world from their own perspective, leading them to favor their own experiences and interpretations. In communication, this can manifest as a failure to appreciate differing viewpoints or an inability to empathize with others, which can hinder effective dialogue and understanding.

Ethnocentrism, while also related to biases, specifically pertains to the belief in the superiority of one's own culture or ethnic group compared to others, which is slightly different from the broader personal bias that egocentrism describes. Goodwill refers to the desire to establish and maintain positive relationships and does not inherently involve prioritizing one’s own beliefs over others. Incremental plagiarism involves the gradual copying of another person's work and is unrelated to beliefs or values. Understanding egocentrism is crucial in public speaking, as it impacts how speakers engage with their audience and consider diverse perspectives.